Bibliography

• Bronski, Michael. A Queer History of the United States. Boston: Beacon Press, 2011.
• Chase, Cheryl. "Hermaphrodites with Attitude: Mapping the Emergence of Intersex Political Activism." In Transgender Studies Reader, edited by Susan Stryker and Stephen Whittle, 300-314. New York: Routledge, 2006.
• Freeman, Susan and Rupp, Leila. "The Ins and Outs of U.S. History." In Understanding and Teaching U.S. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History, edited by Susan Freeman and Leila Rupp, 1-15. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2014.
• Improper Bostonians: Lesbian and Gay History from the Puritans to Playland. Boston: Beacon Press, 1998.
• Johnson, David K. The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2004.
• “An interview with David K. Johnson author of The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government.” University of Chicago Press, The University of Chicago. https://press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/404811in.html.
• Lopez, Russ. The Hub of the Gay Universe: An LGBTQ History of Boston, Provincetown, and Beyond. Boston: Shawmut Peninsula Press, 2019.
• Mansour, George. "Drag lad tells all." Interview by Michael Bronski. The Phoenix, March 6 - 13, 2003. https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/other_stories/documents/02740727.htm.
• Purcell, Chris. "LGBTQI--What Do All the Letters Mean?" Office of Lesbian, Gay Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex Life, Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Accessed April 2, 2022. https://www.vumc.org/health-wellness/news-resource-articles/lgbtqi-what-do-all-letters-mean.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Balloons Boom, Boy Bust: Masquerading Gal's Yoo-Hoos & Yodels Jug Two, Not Belles." The Mid-Town Journal, September 2, 1963.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Female Impersonator Bares Chameleon Frolics Nipped As "He Man" In Robbery." The Mid-Town Journal, August 14, 1961.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Former Air Force Captain and Boy, 18, Held As Love Cultists After Beacon Hill Raid." The Mid-Town Journal, January 24, 1947.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Gay Lady's Luring Drops to New Low, Gets One From Ten." The Mid-Town Journal, February 17, 1956.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Intimate Details of Night With Queer Love Cult Revealed In Secret Court Trial; 16 Sentenced For Morals Violations." The Mid-Town Journal, March 16, 1945.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Mongrel Hair-Do & Economy Size Dogs Trip Slinky Siren." The Mid-Town Journal, February 29, 1952.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Sammies Sprout From Subway to Elevated Antics." The Mid-Town Journal, February 16, 1951.
• Shibley, Frederick. "Wild Stag Bags Drag Lads: Copenhagen Kids' Odd Birthday Party Features Sex Orgy." The Mid-Town Journal, March 13, 1953.
• Shibley, Penelope. Email message to Sam Hurwitz, March 3, 2021.
• Skidmore, Emily. "Constructing the 'Good Transsexual': Christine Jorgensen, Whiteness, and Heteronormativity in the Mid-Twentieth-Century Press." Feminist Studies 37, no. 2 (2011): 270-300. https://doi.org/10.1353/fem.2011.0043.
• Stryker, Susan. Transgender History: The Roots of Today's Revolution. New York: Seal Press, 2017.

Online Tools Used

• Datawrapper
• ArcGIS
• ArcGIS StoryMaps

Further Readings

• Cervini, Eric. The Deviant's War: The Homosexual vs. The United States of America. New York: Picador, 2020.
• Chauncey, George. Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890-1940. New York: Basic Books, 1995.
• Manion, Jen. Female Husbands: A Trans History. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
• Meyerowitz, Joanne J. How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality in the United States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002.
• Mogul, Joey L., Ritchie, Andrea J., and Whitlock, Kay. Queer (In)Justice: The Criminalization of LGBT People in the United States. Boston: Beacon Press, 2011.
• Snorton, C. Riley. Black on Both Sides: A Racial History of Trans Identity. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017.